Understanding And Individuality In The Three Cities : An Interpretation Of Plato
نویسنده
چکیده
In the Laws, Plato asks, first of all, whether humanity, through reason and the political art, possesses some sovereignty in ordering human life to the divine good, and secondly, whether the human individual has the freedom to realize this good in and through his own private interests. Does humanity have any substantial meaning, or does it exist as a mere toy of the gods? Does the individual, in his human attachments, desires, and doubts, have a relation to the historical manifestation of divine objectivity (the state), or is this connection to the whole only achieved through denying these aspects of life that differentiate us from our common identity as citizens? Guiding these political questions in the Laws is one of the most fundamental questions to the whole Platonic philosophy: does that which is many, different and particularizing have any existence and truth, or is it merely opposed to the truth of the complete, undivided whole? What is the relation between self-complete divinity and incomplete humanity?
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